ATS is finalising the Jayco Headoffice new altitude gym facility. The facility chamber is 20 person capability with treadmills, spin area and gym equipment. The facility is integrated into the OH&S program.

ATS launches 8 person chamber at Bac de Roda Fitness Facility Barcelona. ATS integration and education platform has been completed by the trainers from personal trainer classes and circuit classes.

Altitude training has helped a range of people- including elite athletes like Australian cricketer Shane Watson. Shane incorporated altitiude training at the Executive Excellence Altitude Plus studio in Brisbane into his rehab process in October 2007. A contributing factor to his long injury history was a lack of general fitness- but with the demands of playing and training to both bat and bowl (as an all-rounder) both time and overall training load were a problem in improving his fitness. Altitude training allowed Shane to develop his aerobic function with much less body stress than similar sea-level training, and has helped his rehab process. “Since I started Altitude Training I have been amazed at how my fitness levels have increase” notes Shane. “ Now I can get through my bowling stints with little or no fatigue, keep my technique at the required level and perform out on the field for longer at a higher level. I can do my aerobic training with not much load on my body, and get heaps out of it. Altitude Training has been an important part of my rehab process.”

By: Craig Mottram
In preparation for his tilt at 5000m gold in Beijing, Craig Mottram spends a third of his year at Falls Creek -- for the altitude, the weather, the solitude . . . and the coffee. Mottram unveils his inner thoughts in this exclusive column
IT IS always there. Every step I have taken in training this year the Beijing Olympics have been floating around somewhere in my mind.
If it's a hard workout, it's easier to concentrate on what I'm trying to achieve, keeping the heart rate in a particular zone or maintaining good form and relaxation while keeping speed high.
Sometimes it is not that easy to stay relaxed and concentrate on the task - which was certainly the case on a recent run at Falls Creek.
We do this run around the dam to a water tower and back, which is about 15km. On this particular day the bad weather really started to roll in after 15 minutes and the cracks of lightning were so loud that at one stage I nearly jumped off into the bushes.
The next day we did the same run and it was bright blue sky.
That's the beauty of Falls Creek. You can go to bed with rain and sleet coming down and awake the next day to the best day in history up there.
It is a perfect place for me to train - it's at altitude and you don't have any distractions, but it still has everything you need. There's a gym, coffee shop, cinema and in summer there aren't that many people up there, so you become a bit of a local.
I've been going up there since 1999 because its familiarity helps get you into a routine with your diet and training, and the peace and quiet helps you really focus on maximising every aspect of your preparation. The routine is very similar day to day, virtually 9am to 6.30pm filled with some activity related to being fitter, stronger and faster when it counts at the big races.
At the end of each day we can look forward to a big meal - pasta, pizza or big steak, depending on what my body is craving.
I also try to have fish twice a week but often that depends on whether my coach Nic Bideau's assistant, Garry Henry, has been able to catch anything during the three to four hours each day he likes to spend fishing up at Falls.
I treat running like it is a full-time job because the way I look at it is that I am training from 9am to 6pm. If I'm not actually running, I'm in the gym or getting physio. You can't do normal things that a lot of other people do, you've got to spend time recovering and getting ready to train again.
Over the past year I would have clocked about 7600km in training, all of it geared towards the 5000m Olympic final on August 23. That is my moment. That is why I have done all the hard work. That is where I plan to execute the perfect race.

By: Rebecca Williams
SPRINTER Eamon Sullivan has been simulating high-altitude conditions during gym sessions in a bid to improve his stamina for the Beijing Games.
The 50m freestyle world record-holder has been hooked up to a machine that replicates the oxygen content at high altitude while he's on the exercise bike, treadmill or doing weights and chin-ups.
Sullivan's coach Grant Stoelwinder hoped the simulation would help his pupil dig deeper on the second leg of the 100m freestyle.
``It definitely makes things harder, so hopefully we have made some gains,'' Stoelwinder said. ``These things are hard to measure. But we're confident he will get some a small benefit from it.
``In particular, we're hoping that it might help with the back-end of the 100m.''
The high-altitude machine allows athletes to breathe hypoxic air -- which has a reduced oxygen concentration -- through a mask.
As a result, the body struggles to produce energy, which improves the efficiency of the athlete's respiratory and cardiovascular systems.
Stoelwinder said Sullivan, who is among the favourites for the 50m and 100m freestyle,had always produced good results after high-altitude training camps in Thredbo.
``We have just tried to put something similar to the Thredbo environment into part of his training,'' Stoelwinder said. ``He looks like a bit of a chipmunk with this mask thing on.
``He's got our physiologist walking around with pipes that are hooked up to this machine that simulates the oxygen content that would the same as 3000m or 5000m above sea level.''
The 22-year-old had his last altitude session last week before leaving for for the Australian team's camp in Kuala Lumpur.
Stoelwinder said Sullivan had progressed well in training since his back injury scare at a grand prix meeting in Sydney earlier this month.
There were fears Sullivan's history of injury could haunt his Olympic campaign after he suffered back spasms.
``We are still ironing out a few technique things (because of tightness),'' Stoelwinder said.
``Sometimes when you have an injury, there will be a follow on. Your body makes adjustments to avoid putting pressure on a shoulder.
``We are nearly there with that. We are just trying to straighten everything out.''
Sullivan said he had been buoyed by some encouraging work in training since the injury scare.
``Since then I've had no problems, knock wood, and the last couple of weeks have been really solid for me,'' he said.
``I have actually probably gone harder since we got back from all those problems.
``I have gone into taper now and I think I'm in the right place and really happy with the preparations.''
Sullivan's problems weren't restricted to his back, he also had a cortisone injection in his shoulder after the scare.
``It did an amazing job, which was something I felt I needed,'' Sullivan said.
``I was really happy with the last couple of weeks and I think it will continue to help me throughout the (Olympic) meet as well.
``I think everything is related. I am a firm believer that one thing can cause another problem and if you don't get that treated, it causes another problem as well.''
Sullivan will take advantage of daily physiotherapy and massage at the camp in Malaysia. ``I can now see them once a day, which is a treat,'' he said.

http://www.altitudecentre.com/images/health_club_management_july_2008.pdf

Abstract: - The research demonstrated in the scientific literature has defined a number of physiological changes to equines with sustained exposure to hypoxia in both the exercise and resting state. These changes will produce, accordingly, a number of changes in the exercise physiology of the equine which will provide for varying contributions to improved athletic performance. These changes in physiology will obviously mirror similar changes that have been identified in the human athlete. The overlap of the mammalian physiological responses between the two species has enabled investigators in the field of equine physiology to assess what the physiological parameters are that are strongly influenced by altitude exposure. This evolution of information will continue to provide physiologists with the specific responses of the equine in this environment and to further evolve what the major benefits are in relation to improved athletic performance. The changes so far derived and ascertained indicate that the equine will significantly improved its adaptation to both training load and recovery. The cellular changes identified, similar to that of the human athlete, will provide an increase in both the aerobic and anaerobic systems capacity that are associated with athletic performance.

Current Research on Horse Physiology Responses to Altitude.


The utilisation of hypoxia in the athletic world has been effective in the derivation of physiological changes that have been seen to provide an improved athletic performance. A number of these physiological changes are recruited for performance at low altitude to enhance the athletic outcome. These changes include increases in red cell number (1), blood volume (2), muscle capillarity (3) and the metabolic capacity of skeletal muscles (4, 5). All of these changes will make a definitive contribution to the enhancement of athletic performance. Consequently, this has evolved the strategy of training at high altitude to enhance the subsequent undertaking of athletic performance at low-altitude. In the human body there are a number of significant haematological responses to hypobaric hypoxia. One of the most significant changes is an increase in the total red blood cell count (6). This is reflective of the number of red cells is given as an absolute number per litre. Other haematological parameters that have been increased include the Hemoglobin concentration which is the amount of hemoglobin in the blood, expressed in grams per decilitre (7). Changes have also been identified in the Hematocrit and packed cell volume (PCV) which is this is the fraction of whole blood volume that consists of red blood cells (8).
Other red blood cell indices have also been identified to have changed with altitude include the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) which is the average volume of the red cells (9). The pathology of anemia is classified as either microcytic or macrocytic and this assessment is made on whether this value is above or below the expected normal range. Other pathologies can have an affect on the MCV level including thalassemia and reticulocytosis. Other changes have been identified in the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) which is the average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) - the average concentration of hemoglobin in the cells (10).
The investigative studies into horses have provided a little more contradiction in relation to these changes. One study has demonstrated an increased red cell number increased while another study found no changes (11, 12). The experimental limitation that was evident in both studies was that the investigators failed to control for splenic contraction which is particularly significant in horses. Both of these investigations were undertaken in resting horses. In resting horses, that are non-stressed non-exercised, the spleen may sequester as much as half the red blood cell population (13). In response to a sympathetic stimulus, the spleen will contract and accordingly dump red cells into the general circulating vascular pool (12, 13). In one study on six horses, splenic contraction was induced by maximal exercise on a treadmill both before and after nine days of exposure at 3800 m (13). The hematocrit for each subject was demonstrated to be increased after the exposure. Also demonstrated was an increased total blood volume which rose by 19%. Erythropoietin was demonstrated to have increased during the first day of exposure at 3800 m, but this was very quickly reversed was not subsequently elevated even by exercise at high altitude (14).
In the human body, there is an acclimatization to high altitude exposures which stimulate increases in the levels of 2, 3-diphosphoglycerate (2, 3-DPG) (15, 16). Similarly, these adaptive responses to altitude with 2, 3-DPG have been identified in horses with the same degree of altitude exposure (17). An increase in 2, 3-DPG shifts the oxygen dissociation curve to the right which will decreases oxygen affinity. The consequence is an increase the dissociation of oxygen at any given partial pressure of oxygen (PO2). This similarly facilitates an oxygen unload within the tissues. When a human subject returns to low altitude, the level of 2, 3-DPG will remain elevated for some period of time (18). In horses, it has been demonstrated that 2, 3-DPG will still be increased 48 hours after return to low altitude (19). However, there was no analysis after 48 hours. Further sampling post 48 hours would have allowed for investigation to determine how long this increase would have been maintained.
Metabolic changes in skeletal muscle are also identified with long term altitude exposure. In horses, lactate dehydrogenase activity has been shown to be decreased 7% after nine days of exposure at 3800m (19). This would be consistent with changes identified in the human response (20). The enzymes citrate synthase and b-hydroxyacetyl-CoA dehydrogenase, which are associated with aerobic activity, were unchanged in their levels. A decrease in the level of an enzyme that is correlated with anaerobic capacity, such as lactate dehydrogenase, in an oxygen-limited environment would appear to be inconsistent with expectations (21). However these decreases identified in anaerobic enzyme activity can be attributed to an increased coupling between oxidative phosphorylation and glycolytic flux (22).
The advantage of this coupling is less reduction in the adenylate ratios that strongly influence the homeostasis of active metabolites during exercise (23). As a consequence there is an improved rate of recovery plus a stricter control of the activation of the glycolytic pathways (24). Down-regulation of lactate production has been indicated in high-altitude natives and low-land inhabitants following exposure of 6 weeks at the high altitude of 5400 m (25).
The capillarity of skeletal muscle has also been demonstrated to be increased with high-altitude acclimatization in humans (26, 27), but this response has not been measured in horses. It would be expected that this would be the case given the overlap of the physiological responses between the two mammalian species. There are number mechanisms for this acclimatization to occur. In one earlier study on horses conducted at 2200 m, acclimatization was considered not to have been completed until 35 days after the initial altitude exposure. This assessment was made on the number of the red blood cell population. One of the experimental limitations associated with this assessment was that it was concluded on the basis on changes in the packed cell volume in non-stressed horses (28). Only when an animal is properly stressed by an appropriate exercise load can the volume of red cells sequestered in the spleen be known. In another study where five horses were transported to 3800 m, the most significant changes in physiological function evolved within the first 24 hours of exposure (29). By the conclusion of 72 hours of exposure most of the physiological variables returned to low-altitude values or had stabilized in measure. It is believed that for correct blood volume and muscle enzymes levels to be appropriated, measurement would need to proceed for up to nine days to allow for the exact time course of these parameters to be determined.
One of the pathological issues that can arise with the training at high altitude is that of pulmonary oedema. Pulmonary artery pressures do become elevated at high altitude and the effect of this can precipitate high-altitude pulmonary oedema in humans. The vasoconstriction and the associated fluid shifts may not be confined to the pulmonary system as any increases in systemic filtration pressures may result in an associated cerebral oedema and especially in cattle, a peripheral oedema (30). In horses the pulmonary artery pressures in the non-exercised animal can be elevated by 60% upon acute exposure to an altitude of 3800 m. At the end of the second day the pressures can be decreased but are still 34% higher and this has been shown to continue through to a seventh day of exposure (31). In ponies the pulmonary artery pressures can also be elevated and continue to rise during a 6 week exposure at altitude 24. Mean pulmonary artery pressures used in one study by Greene et al. (32) were comparable to those measured in Bisgard et al.’s study (33). The increases found in pulmonary pressures would of a pathological response in humans, but in horses the mean pulmonary pressures of normal horses at sea level can reach exceptionally high values during exercise with a mean seen at 75 mmHg (34). Even when horses are exercised at high altitudes there no obtuse clinical signs identified. One study has reported on ruptured pulmonary arteries being identified in horses at 3700m (35).
Another physiological important limitation to training at high altitude is the counter regulatory effect that altitude training can elicit. The acclimatization to altitude can induce changes that potentiate exercise but the decreased oxygen in the training environment can reduce both the maximal oxygen consumption (36) and the absolute workload which may provide for a reduction in training intensity. However correct planning and periodisation of the altitude program can help to overcome this. If this periodisation is not planned, these same perturbations can be observed in horses. When horses perform a standardized exercise test at 3800 m, their speeds can be decreased by 15% and up to 30% in ponies, when compared with the same test protocol with the same heart rates at 225m13. The horses would respond differently with longer acclimatisation program. Over the course of a 9-day acclimatization period speeds do continue to decrease with each subsequent standard exercise test. In another study of unpublished data by Wickler at California State Polytechnic University, where workload as opposed to heart rate was standardized during a trotting exercise test, heart rates in horses at 3800m increased by 16% compared with those at 225m. The observations from this data are supportive of the view that time at altitude can have deleterious effects on performance if the periodisation of the exposure is not sufficient. However it should also be considered that the magnitude of the altitude exposure will be strongly influential on the physiological effect whether it is positive or negative. The data from this study was obtained at 3800m which is considered to be very high by most equine event standards.
The observation that training at high altitude by humans may be improve subsequent performance at lower altitude has evolved many theories and concepts of the relationship of training and living at altitude (37, 38 and 39). For example athletes can be exposed to a hypoxic environment for limited or elongated time intervals of non-exercise periods while training work load can be undertaken in an environment of normoxia. Artificial systems can induce an environment that mimics a low PO2 stimulus with altitudes being engaged of up to 6700 m for limited periods. The exposure here will induce physiological adjustments of both a central nervous response to hypoxia as well as a primary acid-base response that would precede any peripheral haematological or hemodynamic response. The accumulation of all of these responses will enhance performance. There is great variation in the recommendations for intermittent hypoxic exposure in humans that is presented in the literature. The more acclaimed and the latest strategies do involve some periods of utilization of sleeping for up to several hours in a hypoxic environment. Recommendations for horses do need to evolve as there are very few studies present in the literature on horses. One important question that does frequently reoccur in relation to high altitude acclimatization is whether such acclimatization exposure confers an enhanced athletic performance when performed in subsequent exercise bouts at low altitude. This question is equally applied in both human and horse models.
In the previously mentioned study, five horses performed a standardized treadmill exercise test to a maximum speed at 225m before and within 24 hours of return from 9 days at 3800 m (13). The data demonstrated a reduction in recovery times for both heart rate and blood lactate levels in acclimatized horses which would indicative of a positive effect of altitude acclimatization. This result may due to a number of physiological mechanisms, all of which are accumulative including an increased 2, 3-DPG concentration, an increased blood volume and changes in the metabolic profile of the exercising skeletal muscle (40). The horses in this study were not elite athletes and therefore there may some changes in the magnitude of the exercise response when compared to elite horses. The changes that are identified in the packed cell volume as well as in the total blood volume were within the range of normal horses (41). Another important biological aspect is that the equine lung limits performance (42, 43). Appropriately, a change in lung structure and architecture during short-term exposure would need to arise for the accommodation of an increase in performance (44). Studies involving trained horses demonstrate that the ventilatory capacity has only a limited ability to adapt to altitude exposure (45, 46). Therefore it can be concluded that changes in lung function itself would only marginally change with acclimatization. If the limitations to diffusion are only marginal, an increase in hematocrit may provide a mechanism to offset this. However, horses are naturally endowed with the ability to increase their hematocrit with exercise (47). With the limited number of studies available there is no evidence that the hematocrit can be increased incrementally in addition to this mechanism with high altitude exposure. But as just the central nervous system response is very important in the hypoxic exposure in humans, this would also be deemed to be very important in the equine response (48). Various neuro-modulations of chemoreceptor and baroreceptor effectors would precipitate the same biological adaptations in the equine model as is seen in the human model, without the necessity for significant changes in the peripheral cellular responses (49, 50 and 51).


Conclusion.
There are a number of authors in the area of altitude physiology and hypoxic training that have demonstrated a plethora of biological changes that impress upon the human and equine physiological systems. The research has demonstrated in the scientific literature many physiological changes in the equine with sustained hypoxic exposure in both the exercise and resting state. These changes identified will elicit a number of changes in the physiology of the equine at exercise which will contribute to an improved athletic performance. These changes in physiology have been identified in the human athlete, and with the overlap of the mammalian physiological responses that are demonstrated between the two species at both the gross and cellular physiological levels, it has enabled investigators in the field of equine physiology to assess what the physiological parameters are that are strongly influenced by altitude exposure. The changes so far identified have indicated that the equine will significantly improved its adaptation to both training load and recovery. This adaptation is critical to maximise and optimise the training response and to translate to a real improvement in athletic performance. These changes are also critical in the ability of the athlete, either human or equine, to recover from training loads. The cellular changes identified, similar to that of the human athlete, will provide an increase in both the aerobic and anaerobic systems capacity that are associated with athletic performance. The coordinated optimal response of these two systems is paramount for performance maximisation. The relative contribution of each system in training will reflect the relative contribution of each system to the specific performance outcome. Both systems, regardless of this relativity in commitment, will benefit from altitude exposure.

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Sonnenland Distribution launches new concept Revital Medical Anti-aging centre Barcelona,Spain. Sonnenland has selected ATS products to drive their Hypoxic Therapy Centre. Facility is capable of altitudes up to 5000m enabling clients to relax in a controlled hypoxic environment. ATS through its partner The Altitude Centre is supplying wireless monitoring technology for heart rate and pulse oximetry.

The 4 basic areas REVITAL Medical Anti-aging Centre works in are:
CELLULAR OXYGENATION:
a.HBOT (Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy)
b.HT (Hypoxic Therapy)
c.AHT (Autohemotherapy IV with ozone)
d.TOT (Trauma ozone therapy)
e.EDTA Chelation
CELLULAR NUTRITION: Personalised treatment based on an individual’s DNA
CELLULAR BIOESTMULATION PRP :
a.TPRPT (Trauma Platelet Rich Plasma Therapy)
b.FPRPT (Facial Platelet Rich Plasma Therapy)
BHRT (Bioidentical Hormone Replacement Therapy)
Dr. Galcerán, the centre’s medical director, can provide you with any further information you might desire regarding these therapies.

Contact info@sonnenland.es